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Puerto Rican Independence Party
The Puerto Rican Independence Party ((スペイン語:Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño), PIP) is a social-democratic political party in Puerto Rico that campaigns for the independence of Puerto Rico from United States suzerainty.〔Berrios-Martinez, Ruben; "Puerto rico—Lithuania in Reverse?"; ''The Washington Post'', Pg. A23; May 23, 1990.〕
Those who follow the PIP ideology are usually called ''independentistas'', ''pipiolos'', or sometimes just ''pro-independence activists''.〔Wallace, Carol J.; "Translating Laughter: Humor as a Special Challenge in Translating the Stories of Ana Lydia Vega"; The Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association (MLA), Vol. 35, No. 2, Translating in and across Cultures (Autumn, 2002), pp. 75-87〕
== History ==
The party began as the electoral wing of the Puerto Rican independence movement. It is the largest of the independence parties, and the only one that is on the ballot during elections (other candidates must be added in by hand). In 1948, two years after being founded, the PIP gathered 10.2 per cent of the votes in the island. In 1952, two years after an armed uprising of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, it obtained 19 per cent of the votes, its highest electoral support ever, which made it the second electoral party on the island for a moment. In 1956 it took 12.4 per cent of the votes; in 1960 3.1 percent; in 1964, 4 per cent; in 1968, 3.5; in 1972, 5.4; in 1976, 5.7; in 1980, 5.4; in 1984, 3.6, and in 1988, 5.5. In 2004 it obtained 2.7 per cent of the votes, and in 2008 it took 2.0 per cent.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=web site )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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